MY FIRST MINDMAP ABOUT VERTEBRATES

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Sensitivity in animals


Animals receive information from the evironment through their sense organs.
That information goes to the brain that decides what to do.
This process is called sensitivity.

Remeber that this process is the same for humans.



Reproduction in Animals.

Reproduction enables animals to have offspring.
This offspring is similar to their parents.
Most animals have sexual reproduction (male and female must come together to reproduce)

Classification of animals according to their reproduction:

Write the most important characteristics of each type and an example.

• Oviparous
• Viviparous:

TOPIC 4: ANIMALS

All living things carry out life processes.
Animals need energy, they obtain energy from the food they eat, this is the process of nutrition.
Depending on the food they eat we classify animals into five different groups:


Write the most important characteristics and an example of each group.

• Carnivores:
• Omnivores:
• Hervibores:
• Scavengers:
• Decomposers:

DIGESTION AND THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

TWO VIDEOS ABOUT THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

What is digestion?

During the proces of nutrition we obtain nutrients from the food we eat.
In the process of digestion we obtain nutrients that we need for living and waste products that we don´t need.


Write the function of the following parts of the digestive system:

1. Mouth and teeth:
2. Oesophagus:
3. Stomach:
4. Small intestine.
5. Large intestine.

Draw a digestive system and name its different parts.

This is only an example, you can draw your own.

FOOD HIGYENE

Always make sure the foods that you eat are in good condition.

Write 3 examples of natural foods.

Write 3 examples of processed foods.

Always wash your hands before eating or prepaqring food.

Copy the box from page 34

PRESERVING FOODS

Some foods don't need to be preserved beacause don't get bad (spoil)

• Cereal.
• Pulses.
• Dry fruits.

Other fresh foods need preserving:

• Fish
• Meat.
• Vegetables (lettuce...)

There are 3 methods of preserving foods.

• Heating: heating and packing hermetically: micro organisms are eliminated when  we heat the food, then we store the food in a sealed container without micro organisms.
• Cooling: Micro organisms can't live in low temperatures, we can store foods in the fridge or in the freezer.
• Adding preservtives: there are natural preservatives such salt or vinager, other preservatives used are chemical. Using preservativesthe  food last longer time before spoiling.

A HEALTHY DIET

DIET is everything you use to eat and drink every day.

DIET  depends on some factors:

• Age.
• Amount of activity.
• How healthy you are.

Sufficient diet: a diet with right amont of energy (more or less same number of calories)

Balanced Diet: a diet with the right amount of  nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats...)

COPY THE BOX FROM PAGE 32

Exercise: draw a food wheel or pyramid (use the example from pages 32 and 33) and write the name of every portion.
We will correct this exercise in January 2019.

Empezamos el tema 3: NUTRIENTS

You can download the summary from the topic

SUMMARY TOPIC 3

Write what are nutrients:

Types of nutrients:

1. Carbohydrates: give us energy.

• Sweet carbohydrates: (write examples)
• Non sweet carbohydrates:  (write examples)

      2.Fats: give us more energy than carbohydrates

• Plant origin (write examples)
• Animal origin(write examples)

      3.Proteins:(write examples)
      4.Vitamins and minerals:(write examples)

write the orange boxes from pages 30-31